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The dashboard time window defines the duration and aggregation method for retrieving time series or alarm data. Unless specifically configured to override it, the time window is applied to all time series and alarm widgets.

For a time series widget, ThingsBoard retrieves telemetry data with a timestamp that falls within the defined time window.

For an alarm widget, ThingsBoard retrieves alarms that were created within the specified time window based on their created time.

The time window can work in two modes:

• In the real-time mode, widgets constantly receive updates from the server and automatically show you only the data that matches the time window for a current timestamp.

• In the history mode, widgets receive data only during the initial load.

The data aggregation function can be used with time series data but is not suitable for alarms. Currently, there are five available aggregation functions: Min, Max, Average, Sum, and Count. The special function "None" is used to deactivate aggregation.

Data aggregation is beneficial when you want to avoid fetching all time-series data to the user interface and prefer pre-aggregating it at the database level. By utilizing aggregation functions, you can save network bandwidth and reduce the computational load on the client browser. It is recommended to use aggregation functions whenever possible, especially if you have a large number of raw values.